List of Contributors xi

Preface to the Second Edition xvii

Acknowledgments xix

About the Companion Website xxi

Section One Fundamental Elements of Emergency and Critical Care Practice 1

1 Triage 3

2 The Small Animal Emergency Room 13

3 Intensive Care Unit Design 23

4 Developing and Using Checklists in Practice 47

5 Medical Charting 53

6 Point-of-Care Ultrasound for Emergency and Critical Care 75

Section Two Cardiovascular Procedures and Monitoring 81

7 Catheterization of the Venous Compartment 83

8 Arterial Puncture and Catheterization 103

9 Ultrasound-Guided Vascular Access 117

10 Principles of Electrocardiography 127

11 Electrocardiogram Interpretation 135

12 Fluid-Filled Hemodynamic Monitoring Systems 153

13 Direct Systemic Arterial Blood Pressure Monitoring 169

14 Noninvasive Arterial Blood Pressure Monitoring 181

15 Central Venous Pressure Monitoring 191

16 Cardiac Output Monitoring 207

17 Point-of-Care Cardiac Ultrasound 225

18 Pericardiocentesis 241

19 Monitoring Tissue Perfusion: Clinicopathologic Aids and Advanced Techniques 251

20 Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation 261

21 Open-Chest Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation 271

22 Defibrillation 281

23 Temporary Cardiac Pacing 291

Section Three Respiratory Procedures and Monitoring 309

24 Oxygen Therapy 311

25 Pulse Oximetry and Co-Oximetry 327

26 Blood Gas Analysis 339

27 Point-of-Care Lung and Pleural Space Ultrasound 347

28 Tracheal Intubation 365

29 Temporary Tracheostomy 377

30 Capnography 389

31 Mechanical Ventilation 399

32 Ventilator Waveform Analysis 409

33 Alternative Methods of Augmented Ventilation 427

34 Pleural Space Drainage 431

Section Four Urinary and Gastrointestinal Procedures 449

35 Urethral Catheterization 451

36 Peritoneal Dialysis 467

37 Technical Management of Hemodialysis 481

38 Peritoneal Evaluation 499

39 Point-of-Care Abdominal Ultrasound 513

40 Specialized Gastrointestinal Techniques 523

41 Postoperative Peritoneal Drainage Techniques 539

Section Five Nutrition 545

42 Nutritional Requirements in Critical Illness 547

43 Enteral Diets for Critically Ill Patients 555

44 Assisted Enteral Feeding 567

45 Parenteral Nutrition 585

Section Six Analgesia and Anesthesia 599

46 Drug Administration 601

47 Pain Recognition and Management 617

48 Systemic Analgesia 631

49 Local Anesthesia 651

50 Monitoring the Anesthetized Patient 665

51 Nursing Care of the Long-Term Anesthetized Patient 681

52 Neuromuscular Blockade 691

Section Seven Clinicopathologic Techniques 699

53 Blood Sample Collection and Handling 701

54 In-House Hematologic Evaluation 717

55 In-House Evaluation of Hemostasis 739

56 Electrolyte Evaluation 747

57 Acid–Base Evaluation 763

58 Osmolality and Colloid Osmotic Pressure 771

59 Body Fluid Collection and Handling 779

60 Urinalysis in Acutely and Critically Ill Dogs and Cats 787

61 Cytology 797

Section Eight Infection Control 807

62 Minimizing Healthcare-Associated Infections 809

63 Care of Indwelling Device Insertion Sites 819

64 Antiseptics, Disinfectants, and Sterilization 837

65 Personnel Precautions for Patients with Zoonotic Disease 845

Section Nine Transfusion Medicine 859

66 Blood Typing and Crossmatching 861

67 Blood Transfusion 879

68 Administration of Other Biological Products 891

69 Blood Banking 905

Section Ten Nursing Care of Specific Populations 921

70 Care of the Patient with Intracranial Disease 923

71 Care of the Burned Animal 935

72 Care of the Environmentally Injured Animal 941

73 Blood Glucose Monitoring and Glycemic Control 951

74 Critical Nursing Care of the Neonate 965

75 Safe Handling and Care of Patients Exposed to Radioactive and Anti-Neoplastic Agents 997

76 Handling the Suspected Cruelty Case 1005

Section Eleven Wellness for the Veterinary Health Care Team 1017

77 Self-Compassion: The Cornerstone of Wellbeing 1019

Index 1027